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- 06/05/96 v0.62 INN Setup (INN.ins)
-
- Configuration of Linux Slackware INN_PKG for use with DEMON INTERNET SERVICES
-
- Copyright (C) 1995,1996 Ivan A. Beveridge. ivan@@dreamtim.demon.co.uk
-
- This package is freely distributable.
-
- -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
-
- Preliminary Information
- -----------------------
-
- My system (For Your Information) is:
- Slackware 3.0
- INN_PKG installed (INN v1.4)
- Perl installed (from d-series)
- Linux Kernel 1.3.98 (bleedin' edge :^)
- Dummy kernel net driver installed
- Demon connection with PPP
- slurp v1.10
- slack2.3.help.tar.gz package (modified) from John Phillips
- (from ftp.demon.co.uk /pub/linux/Demon)
-
- Although I set up quite a few bits up before using the Linux/Demon packages
- mentioned in my README, I used the scripts for connecting and checking mail
- and news (demon.dip, start.dip, stop.dip, querypost, procnews). My personal
- preference for the scripts is /usr/local/sbin (except for demon.dip, which is
- in /usr/local/etc), as they are locally setup. If you put them in different
- places (originally they were in /etc and or /sbin), then check the paths in
- start.dip and procnews (that should be all that has changed).
-
- As mentioned earlier, I have included all that is required for News setup, and
- so have also included slurp + man page. I use slurp, as I can specify to only
- download a few groups, but setup more to be able to post to (via the active
- file).
-
- Although it may seem nice and easy to just copy all the configuration files
- into the correct place and try to get it working quickly, it is normally better
- to look at the changes I have made and make them. I say this because you may
- find that some of the files I have included have been changed on your system
- by installing it (and hence you may have difficulties). My first recommendation
- is to save all "original" files with the extension ".ORIG", so that you have
- something to go back to in case of problems. To make changes to the files, I
- normally do:
- cp OLD-CONFIG-FILE OLD-CONFIG-FILE.ORIG
- cat NEW-CONFIG-FILE >> OLD-CONFIG-FILE
- This adds the new file to the end of the old one, so you can easily take the
- pieces that you want from the new file and delete the rest.
-
-
-
- PRELIMINARY
- ==========
-
- The "dummy" kernel network driver is needed for off-line news posting, etc.
- This driver can be compiled into the kernel, or used as a module. Setting up
- the dummy driver is detailed in the BASIC package of Slack-help v2.3.0.
-
-
- CNews -> INN conversion
- -----------------------
-
- This is for those of you who currently have CNews installed and would like to
- opt for an easier life ;^)
-
- As INN and CNews are effectively competing packages, you must choose which one
- you want ... after you choose INN, carry out the following instructions:
-
- 1) Copy any configuration files that you want to keep from your CNews setup.
- I would recommend this if you have it working, in case you decide to go
- back to CNews - you can always delete them later.
-
- 2) Remove the CNews package using pkgtool (run as root and select remove
- package .. .then select CNews).
-
- 3) Remove all the directories and files that remain from the CNews package
- and setup. The files that were deleted should be named in a file called
- /tmp/PKGTOOL.removed. You should get an idea of what to delete from there.
- Here is a list of what should be deleted from the CNews package that I
- have just looked at:
- rm -fr /var/lib/news
- rm -fr /usr/lib/newsbin
- rm -fr /usr/doc/cnews
-
- 4) Ensure that the /etc/password entry for the user "news" is set to
- /usr/lib/news, eg:
- news:*:9:13:news:/usr/lib/news:
-
- 5) Install the INN package from the Slackware "network" series (currently on
- disk n3).
-
-
- Setting up INN
- ==============
-
- The INN_PKG is installed by Slackware in /usr/lib/news. The files that have
- been changed are found under ./usr/lib/news. Ensure all files in *your*
- /usr/lib/news are owned by both user and group "news". Check file ownership of
- all other files that you are adding using this package (assume Slackware is
- correct)!
-
- For information on what each of the configuration files means, please read
- the FILES.descript file. It would be beneficial to read this _short_ text
- so you know what I have done and what it means.
-
- The following states the files which you *must* (or may have to) configure -
- these contain computer-specific information, like machine name, your domain
- name, etc:
-
- hosts.nntp
- ----------
- YOURHOST.demon.co.uk This means that you are able to "feed" news
- to your site (from your news reader).
-
- inn.conf
- --------
- domain: demon.co.uk means that news articles posted from you will
- be in domain demon.co.uk
- server: YOURHOST.demon.co.uk This sets the default NNTP server that you will
- use to *read* news. This is for when you dis-
- connect from Demon, and want to read news
- locally.
-
- nnrp.access
- -----------
- YOURHOST.demon.co.uk:Read Post:::*
- means that you machine can read and post
- articles to all newsgroups. Ensure that you
- put you host name in place of YOURHOST.
- (Note, if you have a domain name like
- HOST.YOURCO.co.uk, change the name to this.
-
- slurp.news.demon.co.uk
- ----------------------
- This file contains a timestamp. This is the last time you downloaded news.
- Set this to something reasonable - say yesterday. The format for the time is:
- YYMMDD HHMMSS
-
-
-
- Further setting up
- ==================
- Some other files need to be changed for INN to work correctly.
-
- /etc/inetd.conf
- ---------------
- The NNTP line must be commented out. The INN daemon is used for connections to
- the NNTP port, not in.nntp:
-
- #nntp stream tcp nowait root /usr/sbin/tcpd /usr/sbin/in.nntpd
-
-
- /etc/aliases
- ------------
- This is a list of mail aliases, as used by Sendmail and Smail. The two I have
- mentioned (news and usenet) are needed for reports to be sent after cronjobs.
- Once you have added these lines (they are aliases as root here), do not
- forget to run the command "newaliases" as root. This will put the aliases into
- a database that the mail transport agent can understand.
-
-
- /etc/syslog.conf
- ----------------
- I have added an entry to this for news.debug:
- news.debug /var/adm/nntplog
- This puts any debugging info in the file named. It is useful
- for finding out any errors!
-
- Also I have changed the original *.warn to *.err (as otherwise news articles
- may add a line to the log file!).
-
-
- /etc/profile and /etc/csh.login
- -------------------------------
- If you want to read news via NNTP (rather than reading the news files directly
- off the local Linux machine), as per tine -r, then you will need to state
- your NNTP server that you will read news from. This is generally your host,
- although it can be set to any news server you wish. You do this by setting the
- NNTPSERVER environment variable. This is done as follows for /etc/profile
- (bash, zsh and ksh shells):
-
- export NNTPSERVER=YOURHOST.demon.co.uk
-
- ..... and as follows for /etc/csh.login (csh shell):
-
- setenv NNTPSERVER YOURHOST.demon.co.uk
-
- This can just as easily be set to read news "on-line" from the Demon news
- server as follows (for /etc/profile):
-
- export NNTPSERVER=news.demon.co.uk
-
- Obviousely this will only work when connected to Demon, and may end up
- increasing your on-line time (and hence is not recommended).
-
-
-
- Further Preparations
- ====================
- Create the following files as follows:
- :> /usr/lib/news/history
- :> /usr/lib/news/history.dir
- :> /usr/lib/news/history.pag
- :> /usr/lib/news/errlog
- :> /usr/lib/news/log
-
- Type:
- chown news.news /usr/lib/news/history*
- chown news.news /usr/lib/news/*log
- chmod 644 /usr/lib/news/history*
- chmod 644 /usr/lib/news/*log
-
-
- Run the program /usr/lib/news/tools.linux/makedirs.sh
- -----------------------------------------------------
- This creates the directories for the news articles to go into. It is run as:
- sh makedirs.sh
-
-
- Read the file /usr/lib/news/tools.linux/INSTALL-linux
- -----------------------------------------------------
- Most of the above info has been gleaned from this file.
-
-
-
- Trying out INN
- ==============
- Reboot your machine, for the inetd and syslogd configurations to take place
- (this can be carried out by killing the daemons, if you know what you are
- doing, but is more awkward).
-
- Ensure all the files you have changed in /usr/lib/news are owned by news.news.
-
- Check to see if INN is working now. Use the following command to start INN,
- when run as root:
-
- /usr/lib/news/etc/rc.news
-
- Use "ps -x" to see if INN is running. The entry should look something like
- this:
- 88 con S 0:00 /usr/lib/news/etc/innd -p4 -i0
- 97 con S 0:00 /usr/lib/news/bin/overchan
-
- Run /usr/lib/news/bin/inncheck (This requires you to have installed the perl
- package) as root. This checks the configuration files for errors and informs
- you. You will probably get the following error, which is OK:
- /usr/lib/news/newsfeeds:0: ME entry accepts all incoming article distributions
-
- Run /usr/lib/news/bin/news.daily as user "news". Do this from root user by:
- su news -c /usr/lib/news/bin/news.daily &
-
- Ensure every file and directory under /var/log/news is owned by news.news.
-
- Try running a news reader (eg TIN), and posting a message in "junk"- does it
- post OK, and come up as a new article?
-
- Try reading man-pages for the files and programs used, as well as the text
- files in /usr/lib/news/tools/linux.
-
-
- FINALLY
- =======
- This is the last bit, just to make sure that all the administration is setup
- OK.
-
- /etc/rc.d/rc.local
- ------------------
- I have added an entry here to start up INN on bootup. Add this when you have
- INN working properly.
-
-
- crontab.news
- ------------
- This is the crontab for the user "news". To add it, use the following command
- from root user:
- crontab crontab.news -u news
-
- Beware - this replaces any previous one you have for the user "news". All this
- crontab does is:
- * at 10pm every day, run the "news.daily" script and expire old articles.
-
- This is pretty much the "default" news crontab (installed with Slackware),
- so you may prefer to check the one you have, rather than overwriting it.
-
-
- READY TO RECEIVE NEWS?
- ======================
- The remaining files that I have included are the binary and manual for
- "slurp", and the edited script "procnews". Check that the programs run in
- the script files are correct (ie correct paths). Install all these files
- (I recommend slurp.1 in /usr/local/man/man1, and the rest of the scripts
- + slurp in /usr/local/sbin [with demon.dip in /usr/local/etc]), and any
- others mentioned.
-
- If you are generally using ELF binaries (Slackware 3.0+) it is advisable
- to use the slurp-1.10.ELF (slurp ELF binary). Similarly, if you are generally
- using AOUT binaries (Slackware 2.3 and earlier), it may be advisable to use
- the slurp-1.10.aout (slurp aout binary). The reason for this is that running
- both ELF and AOUT binaries causes both ELF and aout libraries to be loaded,
- using up more RAM.
-
- Try dialing up Demon to test the News connection.
-
-
- ADDING / DELETING GROUPS
- ========================
- If you want to add or delete (or do pretty much any news admin), you must
- use /usr/lib/news/bin/ctlinnd. It is best to read the man page on this, but
- here are some elementary processes:
-
- Adding group "demon.local": /usr/lib/news/bin/ctlinnd newgroup demon.local
- Removing above group: /usr/lib/news/bin/ctlinnd rmgroup demon.local
- Pause INN: /usr/lib/news/bin/ctlinnd pause "reason"
- Reload all INN config files: /usr/lib/news/bin/ctlinnd reload all "reason"
- Restart INN: /usr/lib/news/bin/ctlinnd go "reason"
-
-
-
- PROBLEMS
- ========
-
- Here are a few problems that I have encountered / heard of which may help you:
-
- INN exits after I start it
- --------------------------
- This may be because the permissions for all the history files are incorrect.
- A common problem is that they have owner/group as root/root rather than
- news/news. Use chown to change this.
- Another possible error is that the newsgroups control and junk have not been
- added to the active list (this is a problem when trying to run innd in debug
- mode).
-
-
- I specify a newsgroup in SLURP.SYS, but the articles go to "junk"
- -----------------------------------------------------------------
- This is because you have not specified that newsgroup to INN. You can either
- manually edit the "active" file (not so good), or you can use "ctlinnd
- newgroup NEWS.GROUP.NAME" to add the group.
-
-
- Slurp expects slurp.sys to be in /usr/local/lib news
- ----------------------------------------------------
- That is correct, as the author of slurp wrote it for use with CNews. However
- it can be used with INN. The Slackware INN_PKG _should_ have made a link
- between /usr/local/lib/news and /usr/lib/news upon installation. If this
- has not been made use the following command (as root) to create it:
- cd /usr/local/lib ; ln -s news ../../lib/news
-
-
- Sending mail causes a "host unknown" error and returned mail
- ------------------------------------------------------------
- Ah - this is nothing to do with INN as such. It is to do with the setup of
- your MTA (Mail Transport Agent) - generally either Sendmail or Smail. The
- setup should be detailed in one of the other general Demon/Slackware
- packages. I hacked the /etc/sendmail.cf file to work to add the following:
- # "Smart" relay host (may be null)
- DSsmtp:post.demon.co.uk
- The DS macro is blank as default. Fingers crossed you should not get this
- error message again - sendmail should send the post to the mail server
- pointed to by the MX records at Demon (this is the same for postings
- outside Demon).
-
-
- When part-way through a news download it stops, mentioning unbatching.
- ----------------------------------------------------------------------
- This is because "rnews -U" has been run in the middle of the download. This
- causes slurp to get mixed up. Unfortunately I had set "rnews -U" to run at
- quarter-past the hour in the news crontab. This is now fixed (news is
- downloaded) to ..../in.coming/tmp and moved back to ..../in.coming for
- unbatching.[v0.6]
-
-
- I get a "480 Transfer permission denied" error on trying to post locally.
- -------------------------------------------------------------------------
- This is probably due to you not adding an entry for your machine into the
- hosts.nntp file. See below.
-
-
- I get my hostname entered twice on the path line of all my news postings.
- -------------------------------------------------------------------------
- This should not cause a problem .... just look horrible. This is due to the
- work around I had to do to get the "NNTP-Posting-Host" entry correct (rather
- than saying "localhost", it now states your machine). I believe this is a
- Linux-specific problem (not INN) - if this is so it will hopefully get fixed
- soon in the kernel upgrades.
-